{ "source": "data/studies.js", "unique_studies": 82, "counting": "Study-level focal actor configurations, including explicitly described CG actors. Multiple setups tested means count configurations differ within a study. No inference of simultaneous human participation from plural words or road-user types.", "setup_counts": { "1 road user × 1 vehicle": 61, "Multiple road users × multiple vehicles": 1, "Multiple setups tested": 15, "1 road user × multiple vehicles": 3, "Unclear / not reported": 1, "Multiple road users × 1 vehicle": 1 }, "stages": [ { "name": "Research focus", "counts": { "Behavior understanding\n& prediction": 57, "Data collection\nmethods comparison": 4, "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation": 21 } }, { "name": "Road user type", "counts": { "Pedestrians only": 74, "Cyclists only": 4, "Pedestrians & cyclists": 4 } }, { "name": "AV type", "counts": { "Autonomous car": 74, "Autonomous shuttle": 7, "Delivery vehicle": 1 } }, { "name": "Interaction setup", "counts": { "1 road user × 1 vehicle": 61, "Multiple road users × multiple vehicles": 1, "Multiple setups tested": 15, "1 road user × multiple vehicles": 3, "Unclear / not reported": 1, "Multiple road users × 1 vehicle": 1 } }, { "name": "Scenario", "counts": { "Shared space only": 5, "Unsignalized only": 55, "Multiple scenario tags": 7, "Unclear": 9, "Signalized only": 1, "Intersection only": 5 } }, { "name": "Study method", "counts": { "Wizard-of-Oz": 9, "VR CAVE": 12, "VR HMD": 39, "Field Study": 6, "VR screen": 3, "Multiple methods": 5, "Video / photo / web survey": 6, "AR / 360° video VR": 2 } }, { "name": "Modeling approach", "counts": { "Statistical tests / description": 34, "Linear models": 18, "Discrete-choice models": 15, "Multiple model families": 6, "Hybrid models": 3, "Deep learning": 3, "Psychological models": 2, "Causal models": 1 } } ], "links": [ { "stage": 0, "source": "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "target": "Pedestrians only", "studies": 49, "study_ids": [ "currano_vamos_2018", "rodriguez_palmeiro_interaction_2018", "woodman_gap_2019", "de_clercq_external_2019", "mahadevan_av-pedestrian_2019", "chung_effects_2020", "wang_roles_2020", "joisten_displaying_2020", 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"lanzer_interaction_2023", "feng_does_2023" ] }, { "stage": 0, "source": "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "target": "Cyclists only", "studies": 4, "study_ids": [ "hagenzieker_interactions_2020", "vlakveld_cyclists_2020", "oskina_safety_2023", "nunez_velasco_cyclists_2021" ] }, { "stage": 0, "source": "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "target": "Pedestrians & cyclists", "studies": 4, "study_ids": [ "beauchamp_study_2022", "gehrke_observed_2023", "madigan_understanding_2019", "de_ceunynck_interact_2022" ] }, { "stage": 0, "source": "Data collection\nmethods comparison", "target": "Pedestrians only", "studies": 4, "study_ids": [ "mallaro_comparison_2017", "pala_analysis_2021", "maruhn_analyzing_2020", "fuest_comparison_2020" ] }, { "stage": 0, "source": "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "target": "Pedestrians only", "studies": 21, "study_ids": [ "habibovic_communicating_2018", "deb_investigating_2018", "moore_case_2019", "deb_how_2020", 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(2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 AV | 2 peds - 1 AV | (box or humanoid CG)", "setup": "Multiple setups tested", "reason": "The description explicitly includes alternatives with different actor counts.", "annotations": [ "Explicit CG actors; not evidence of multiple human participants" ], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "Multiple setups tested", "Unsignalized only", "VR CAVE", "Discrete-choice models" ] }, { "id": "lanzer_interaction_2023", "label": "Lanzer et al. (2023)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 2 AVs | 4 peds - AVs | (CG crossers)", "setup": "Multiple setups tested", "reason": "The description explicitly includes alternatives with different actor counts.", "annotations": [ "Explicit CG actors; not evidence of multiple human participants", "Second condition says 4 peds–AVs without a precise vehicle count; alternative road-user counts establish multiple setups" ], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "Multiple setups tested", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "feng_does_2023", "label": "Feng et al. (2023)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 AV | 2 peds - 1 AV | (human)", "setup": "Multiple setups tested", "reason": "The description explicitly includes alternatives with different actor counts.", "annotations": [ "Explicit human co-actor annotation" ], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "Multiple setups tested", "Multiple scenario tags", "VR HMD", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "hagenzieker_interactions_2020", "label": "Hagenzieker et al. (2020)", "road_users_raw": "1 cyc - 1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Cyclists only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unclear", "Video / photo / web survey", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "vlakveld_cyclists_2020", "label": "Vlakveld et al. (2020)", "road_users_raw": "1 cyc - 1 AV | 1 cyc - 1 AV (eHMI) | 1 cyc - 1 HDV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Cyclists only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Intersection only", "Video / photo / web survey", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "oskina_safety_2023", "label": "Oskina et al. (2023)", "road_users_raw": "1 cyc - 1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Cyclists only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unclear", "Field Study", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "nunez_velasco_cyclists_2021", "label": "Nuñez Velasco et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 cyc - 1 AV | 1 cyc - 1 HDV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Cyclists only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Intersection only", "AR / 360° video VR", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "beauchamp_study_2022", "label": "Beauchamp et al. (2022)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 pod | 1 cyc - 1 pod | 1 driver - 1 pod", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Pedestrians & cyclists", "Autonomous shuttle", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Intersection only", "Field Study", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "gehrke_observed_2023", "label": "Gehrke et al. (2023)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 delivery vehicle | 1 cyc - 1 delivery vehicle", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Pedestrians & cyclists", "Delivery vehicle", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Shared space only", "Field Study", "Discrete-choice models" ] }, { "id": "madigan_understanding_2019", "label": "Madigan et al. (2019)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 shuttle, | 1 cyc - 1 shuttle | (presence of other users)", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [ "Background traffic/users mentioned; use explicit focal counts only" ], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Pedestrians & cyclists", "Autonomous shuttle", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unclear", "Field Study", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "de_ceunynck_interact_2022", "label": "De Ceunynck et al. (2022)", "road_users_raw": "pedestrians, | cyclists, | e-scooters - | automated shuttles", "setup": "Unclear / not reported", "reason": "User and vehicle types are listed without counts; plurals do not establish simultaneous multiplicity.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Behavior understanding\n& prediction", "Pedestrians & cyclists", "Autonomous shuttle", "Unclear / not reported", "Multiple scenario tags", "Field Study", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "mallaro_comparison_2017", "label": "Mallaro et al. (2017)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Data collection\nmethods comparison", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "Multiple methods", "Discrete-choice models" ] }, { "id": "pala_analysis_2021", "label": "Pala et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Data collection\nmethods comparison", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "Multiple methods", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "maruhn_analyzing_2020", "label": "Maruhn et al. (2020)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Data collection\nmethods comparison", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Multiple scenario tags", "Multiple methods", "Discrete-choice models" ] }, { "id": "fuest_comparison_2020", "label": "Fuest et al. (2020)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Data collection\nmethods comparison", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "Multiple methods", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "habibovic_communicating_2018", "label": "Habibovic et al. (2018)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "Wizard-of-Oz", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "deb_investigating_2018", "label": "Deb et al. (2018)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Intersection only", "VR HMD", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "moore_case_2019", "label": "Moore et al. (2019)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Multiple scenario tags", "Wizard-of-Oz", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "deb_how_2020", "label": "Deb et al. (2020)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Intersection only", "VR HMD", "Discrete-choice models" ] }, { "id": "dey_distance-dependent_2020", "label": "Dey et al. (2020)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unclear", "Wizard-of-Oz", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "metayer_improving_2021", "label": "Métayer and Coeugnet (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unclear", "VR screen", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "lau_investigating_2021", "label": "Lau et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 automated bus", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous shuttle", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Shared space only", "Video / photo / web survey", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "wang_pedestrian_2021", "label": "Wang et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "Wizard-of-Oz", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "wilbrink_scaling_2021", "label": "Wilbrink et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV | multi peds-1 AV (1 CG agent)", "setup": "Multiple setups tested", "reason": "The description explicitly includes alternatives with different actor counts.", "annotations": [ "Explicit CG actors; not evidence of multiple human participants" ], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "Multiple setups tested", "Unsignalized only", "Video / photo / web survey", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "soshiroda_stopping_2021", "label": "Soshiroda et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 automated bus | 1 ped-1 automated golf cart", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous shuttle", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "furuya_autonomous_2021", "label": "Furuya et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "faas_self-driving_2021", "label": "Faas et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "Wizard-of-Oz", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "dey_towards_2021", "label": "Dey et al. (2021)", "road_users_raw": "2 peds-1 AV | (1 CG agent)", "setup": "Multiple road users × 1 vehicle", "reason": "Explicit 2 peds–1 AV, with one CG agent.", "annotations": [ "Explicit CG actors; not evidence of multiple human participants" ], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "Multiple road users × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Multiple model families" ] }, { "id": "chang_can_2022", "label": "Chang et al. (2022)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "schmitt_can_2022", "label": "Schmitt et al. (2022)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "bindschadel_two-step_2022", "label": "Bindschädel et al. (2022)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "bindschadel_active_2022", "label": "Bindschädel et al. (2022)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped - 1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "hubner_external_2022", "label": "Hübner et al. (2022)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV | 1 ped-1 AV-1 HDV mixed env", "setup": "Multiple setups tested", "reason": "The description explicitly includes alternatives with different actor counts.", "annotations": [ "Background traffic/users mentioned; use explicit focal counts only" ], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "Multiple setups tested", "Unsignalized only", "VR HMD", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "bindschadel_using_2023", "label": "Bindschädel et al. (2023)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "Wizard-of-Oz", "Linear models" ] }, { "id": "kang_designing_2023", "label": "Kang et al. (2023)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-1 AV", "setup": "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "reason": "All explicitly counted focal interactions are 1:1; changes in actor type alone do not create a different count setup.", "annotations": [], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "1 road user × 1 vehicle", "Unsignalized only", "AR / 360° video VR", "Statistical tests / description" ] }, { "id": "colley_scalability_2023", "label": "Colley et al. (2023)", "road_users_raw": "1 ped-multi AVs | multi peds-multi AVs | (2 CG agents) | mixed env", "setup": "Multiple setups tested", "reason": "The description explicitly includes alternatives with different actor counts.", "annotations": [ "Explicit CG actors; not evidence of multiple human participants", "Background traffic/users mentioned; use explicit focal counts only" ], "stages": [ "Communication design\n& behavior evaluation", "Pedestrians only", "Autonomous car", "Multiple setups tested", "Unsignalized only", "Video / photo / web survey", "Statistical tests / description" ] } ] }